7種棉籽副產(chǎn)品化學(xué)成分、能量和氨基酸消化率的測(cè)定

Ma, D. L., X. K. Ma, L. Liu, and S. Zhang

翻譯：李平 校對(duì)： 上海亙泰實(shí)業(yè)集團(tuán)

本研究的目的是測(cè)定7種棉籽副產(chǎn)品的化學(xué)組成，生長(zhǎng)豬DE（消化能）和ME（代謝能）含量，及其氨基酸的表觀回腸消化率（AID）和標(biāo)準(zhǔn)回腸消化率（SID）。

7種棉籽的副產(chǎn)品分別是：CP（粗蛋白質(zhì)）水平分別為46％，50％和55％（46CSM，50CSM和55CSM）的棉籽粕（溶劑提取），CP水平分別為50％和55％的棉籽蛋白（50CSP和55CSP），發(fā)酵棉籽粕（CSMF）和棉籽餅（CSME，壓榨脫脂）。共使用48頭雜交閹公豬（體重：44.1±4.2 kg）來(lái)測(cè)定7種棉籽副產(chǎn)品的DE和ME含量，8種日糧（包括1個(gè)玉米-豆粕基礎(chǔ)日糧）完全隨機(jī)分配設(shè)計(jì)。7個(gè)原料氨基酸的AID和SID通過(guò)使用7頭雜交閹公豬（初始體重：67.4±8.5 kg），以6×8 尤登方設(shè)計(jì)， 8種日糧（包括1種無(wú)氮日糧）和共6個(gè)周期來(lái)測(cè)定。

7種棉籽副產(chǎn)品的DE和ME值分別為12.72-15.63MJ/kg和12.24-14.83 MJ/kg。在7種棉籽副產(chǎn)品中，55棉籽蛋白和棉籽餅與其他棉籽副產(chǎn)品相比，ME和DE值最高（P < 0.05）。此外，55棉籽蛋白除甘氨酸和脯氨酸外，其他所有氨基酸均具有最高（P < 0.05）的AID和SID值。相比之下，46棉籽粕或55棉籽粕除甘氨酸和脯氨酸外，其他所有氨基酸的AID和SID值均為最低（P < 0.05）。 55棉籽蛋白也具有最大（P < 0.05）的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)回腸可消化粗蛋白質(zhì)含量，和除甘氨酸和脯氨酸之外的其他所有氨基酸含量。

綜上所述，不同加工工藝的棉籽副產(chǎn)品的化學(xué)成分、能量和氨基酸消化率差異很大。基于能量和氨基酸消化率數(shù)據(jù)，與其他棉籽副產(chǎn)品相比，粗蛋白質(zhì)水平為55%的棉籽蛋白是生長(zhǎng)豬較為適合的原料。

關(guān)鍵詞：氨基酸消化率，棉籽粕，棉籽蛋白，能量，豬

Chemical composition, energy, and amino acid digestibility in 7 cottonseed co-products fed to growing pigs

Ma, D. L., X. K. Ma, L. Liu, and S. Zhang

The objective of this study was to determine the chemical composition, DE and ME contents, and apparentileal digestibility (AID) and standardized ileal digestibility (SID)of AA in 7 cottonseed co-products fed to growing pigs. The 7 cottonseed co-products were: cottonseed meals (solvent extracted) with CP level of 46%,50%, and 55% (46CSM, 50CSM, and 55CSM), cottonseed protein with CP level of 50% and 55% (50CSP and 55CSP), fermented cottonseed meal (CSMF), and expelled cottonseed meal (CSME). The DE and ME contents of the 7 test ingredients were measured using 48 crossbreed barrows (BW: 44.1 ± 4.2 kg) and 8 diets (including a corn-soybean meal basal diet) in a completely randomized design. The AID and SID of AA ofthe 7 test ingredients were determined using 7 crossbreed barrows (initial BW:67.4 ± 8.5 kg) in a 6 × 8 Youden square design with 6 periods and 8 diets(including one N-free diet). The DE and ME values of the 7 cottonseed co-products varied from 12.72 to 15.63 MJ/kg and 12.24 to 14.83 MJ/kg, respectively. Among the 7 cottonseed co-products, 55CSP and CSME had the greatest (P < 0.05) ME and DE values compared to the other cottonseed co-products. In addition, 55CSP had the greatest (P <0.05) AID and SID of all the AA tested except for Gly and Pro. In contrast, 46CSM or 55CSM had the lowest (P < 0.05) AID and SID of all the AA tested except for Gly and Pro. The 55CSP also had the greatest (P <0.05) concentrations of standardized ileal digestible CP and all the AA tested except for Gly and Pro. In conclusion, the chemical composition, energy, and AA digestibility of cottonseed co-products with different processing techniques varied widely. Based on the energy and AA digestibility, cottonseed protein with CP level of 55% is a better dietary ingredient for growing pigs compared with the other cottonseed co-products.

Key words: amino acid digestibility, cottonseed meal, cottonseed protein, energy, pigs